20th
September, on this day
622 Mohammad's
Hegira
1187 Saladin
begins the
Siege of Jerusalem.
1378 Cardinal Robert
of Geneva, called by some the Butcher
of Cesena, is elected as Avignon Pope Clement VII, beginning the
Papal schism.
1519 Magellan
starts 1st successful circumnavigation of the world
1565 Spaniards capture Fort
Caroline, Fla and massacre the French
1596 Diego
de Montemayor founded the city of Monterrey
in New Spain
1633 Galileo
Galilei is tried before the Inquisition for teaching that the
Earth orbits the Sun.
1664 Maryland enacts 1st anti-amaglmation law to prevent widespread
intermarriage of English women and black men
1697 The Treaty
of Rijswijk was signed by France, England, Spain, the Holy Roman
Empire and the Dutch Republic ending the Nine
Years' War (1688–97).
1737 Runner Edward Marshall completes his journey in the Walking
Purchase forcing the cession of 1.2 million acres (4,860 km²)
of Lenape-Delaware tribal land to the Pennsylvania Colony.
1777 Paoli
massacre
1792 French troops stop allied invasion of France, during the War
of the First Coalition at Valmy.
1835 Farroupilha's
Revolution begins in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
1850 Slave trade abolished in DC, but slavery allowed to continue
1854 In the Crimean War, British and French troops defeat Russians
at the Battle
of Alma -
1857 The Indian Mutiny ends with the recapture of Delhi by troops
loyal to the East
India Company.
1859 Patent granted on the electric range
1860 1st British royalty to visit US, Prince
of Wales (King Edward VII)
1863 Civil War Battle
of Chickamauga, near Chattanooga, Tenn, ends
1870 Bersaglieri
corps enters Rome through Porta Pia and completes the
unification of Italy; see capture of Rome.
1871 Bishop John
Coleridge Patteson martyred on the island of Nukapu a Polynesian
outlier island now in the Temotu province of the Solomon Islands.
He was the first bishop of Melanesia.
1873 Panic sweeps NY Stock Exchange (railroad bond default/bank failure)
1879 Cliftonville
Football Club, the oldest club in Ireland, is founded.
1881 Chester
A Arthur sworn in as president
1884 6.2 mile Arlberg railroad tunnel completed in Austria
1891 The first gasoline-powered car debuts in Springfield, Massachusetts,
United States.
1906 An Imperial Edict in China orders the end of the use of opium
within 10 years
1906 Cunard Line's
RMS Mauretania is launched at the Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson
shipyard in Newcastle, England.
1917 The first
RSPCA animal clinic opens in Liverpool
1939 A German
Messerschmitt Bf 109 is shot down by Fairey Battle gunner Sgt.
F. Letchard during a patrol near Aachen. This is the RAF's first aerial
victory of the Second World War.
1942 Holocaust
in Letychiv, Ukraine. In the course of two days German SS murders
at least 3,000 Jews
1945 German rocket engineers begin work in US
1946 The first Cannes
Film Festival is held.
1948 Mexican Baseball league disbanded
1951 1st North Pole jet crossing
1954 1st FORTRAN
computer program run
1954 Roger
Bannister awarded Britain's Silver Pears Trophy
1954 New Zealand's Special
Committee on Moral Delinquency in Children and Adolescents reports
just ten days after concluding hearings.
1958 Martin Luther King Jr stabbed in chest by a deranged black woman
in NYC
1960 UN General Assembly admit 13 African countries and Cyprus (96
nations)
1961 Argentinian Antonio Albertondo attempts the first non-stop swim
across the English Channel and back. He completes it in 43 hours,
5 minutes
1962 James
Meredith, an African-American, is barred from entering the University
of Mississippi.
1966 US Surveyor B launched toward Moon; crashed Sept 23
1967 Hurricane Beulah hits Texas-Mexican border, kills 38
1967 In Britain, the launch of cruise liner, the QE2
(Queen Elizabeth II).
1970 Luna 16 lands on Moon's Mare
Fecunditatis, drills core sample
1970 Syrian tanks roll into Jordan in response to continued fighting
between Jordan and the fedayeen.
The Jordanians knock out 30 of the Syrian tanks
1972 Police find cannabis growing on Paul and Linda McCartney's farm
1973 Billy
Jean King beats Bobby
Riggs in battle-of-sexes tennis match
1975 David
Bowie's "Fame," single goes to number 1 for 2 weeks
1975 Gary Sentman draws a record 176 lb longbow to a maximum 28¬"
draw
1976 Playboy
releases Jimmy Carter's interview that he lusts for women
1976 Sid Berstein offers $230 million charity concert for Beatle reunion
1977 Victor the Giraffe dies of heart failure at Marwell
Park Zoo in Britain six days after doing the splits (all four
legs) and not being able to get up again
1977 The Socialist
Republic of Vietnam is admitted to the United Nations
1979 Lee
Iacocca is elected president of the Chrysler Corporation.
1979 The Punjab wing of the Unity
Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist)
formally splits and constitutes a parallel UCCRI(ML).
1979 Assassination of French left-wing militant Pierre
Goldman.
1979 Bloodless coup in Central African Rep overthrows Emperor Bokassa
I
1979 NASA launches HEAO
1982 US National
Football League players begin a 57-day strike.
1984 A terrorist suicide bomber drives a lorry full of explosives
into the US Embassy in Beirut killling 40 people
1984 Suicide car bomb attacks US Embassy annex in Beirut
1985 Walt
Disney World's 200-millionth guest
1989 In South Africa, F.W.
De Klerk is sworn in as President
1990 South
Ossetia declares its independence from Georgia.
1990 Both Germanys ratify reunification
1990 Saddam Hussein demands US networks broadcast his message
1995 A European Court decides that transfer fees between clubs within
the European Community are illegal when a player reaches the end of
his contract. The judgement becomes known as the 'Bosman
Ruling' following the a legal case brought by Belgian footballer
Marc Bosman against his club FC Liege
2000 The British
MI6 Secret Intelligence Service building was attacked by a Russian-built
Mark 22 anti-tank missile
2001 In an address to a joint session of Congress and the American
People president George W. Bush declares "war
on terror".
2002 Kolka-Karmadon
rock/ice slide started.
2003 A referendum is held in Latvia to decide the country's accession
to the European Union.
2003
Maldives civil unrest: the death of prisoner Hassan
Evan Naseem sparks a day of rioting in Malé.
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Birthdates
which occurred on 20th September:
357 -BC- Alexander
III the Great, king of Macedonia, emperor
1833 Ernesto Teodoro Moneta Italy, journalist (Nobel Peace Prize 1907)
1878 Upton Sinclair novelist (Jungle)
1885 Ferdinand (Jelly Roll) Morton New Orleans, jazz pianist/composer
1899 Elliot Nugent director (And so They were Married)
19-- Ben Shepherd Wash, rock bassist (Soundgarden-Badmotorfinger)
19-- Frances Heflin Okla City, OK, actress (Mona Tyler-All My Children)
19-- Yvonne Wilder NYC, actress (Operation Petticoat, Condo)
1902 Kermit Maynard Vevey Ind, cowboy actor (Saturday Roundup)
1902 Steve Smith singer (Lawrence Welk Show)
1910 Jacques-Baptise LeBrun France, finn yachtsman (Olympic-gold-1932)
1911 Frank Devol Moundsville WV, orch leader (I'm Dickens He's Fenster)
1917 Arnold "Red" Auerbach NBA coach/GM (Boston Celtics)
1920 Alexander Thereat
1922 Frank Comstock SD Calif, orch leader (Jimmie Rodgers Show)
1924 James Galanos Phila, fashion designer (Coty Hall of Fame-1959)
1927 Clarice Taylor Va, actress (Nurse Bailey-Nurse)
1927 Rachel Roberts Wales, actress (Foul Play, Doctor's Wife)
1928 Dr Joyce Brothers NYC, pop psychiatrist ($64,000 question winner)
1929 Anne Meara Bkln NY comedian/actress (Stiller & Meara, Archie's
Place)
1933 Bob Banas NYC, choreographer (Malibu U, Jonathan Winters Show)
1934 Sophia Loren Rome, actress (Desire Under the Elms, Black Orchid)
1936 Dany Carrel Touraine Indo-china, actress (Passionate Summer)
1938 Pia Lindstom entertainment critic (WNBC-TV)
1938 Tom Tresh NY Yankee (1962 AL Rookie of the Year)
1941 Dale Chihuly Tacoma Wash, artist in glass (Louis Tiffany Award
1967)
1941 John A Wismont Jr Calif, watercolor painter (over 50,000)
1950 Debi Morgan Dunn NC, actress (Angie-All My Children, Cry Uncle)
1950 Loredana Berte Milan Italy, 2nd wife of Bjorn Borg
1951 Guy LaFleur Quebec, NHL right wing (Montreal, NY Rangers)
1951 JoAnna Cameron Colo, actress (I Love My Wife, Isis)
1954 Brinke Stevens [Charlene Brinkman] Ca, actr (Slumber Party Massacre)
1954 Silvio Leonard Cuba, 100m sprinter (Olympic-silver-1980)
1957 Fran Drescher NYC, actress (Cadillac Man)
1957 Vladmir Tkachenko USSR, basketball (Olympic-bronze-1980)
1959 Alannah Currie rocker (Thompson Twins-Doctor, Doctor)
1966 Nuno Bettencourt Azores, rock guitarist (Extreme-More Than Words)
1967 Gunnar Nelson rock singer (Nelsons-Love & Affection)
1967 Matthew Nelson rock singer (Nelsons-Love & Affection)
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Deaths which occurred
on September 20th:
1947 Fiorello La Guardia (Mayor-R-NYC), dies
1957 Jean Sibelius Finnish composer, dies at 91
1959 Olin Howlin actor (Swifty-Circus Boy), dies at 63
1971 James Westerfield actor (Travels of Jaime McPheeters), dies at
59
1973 Jim Croce singer/songwriter (Time In A Bottle, Bad Bad Leroy
Brown), dies in a plane crash at 30
1973 Glenn Strange actor (Sam the Bartender-Gunsmoke), dies at 74
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