1st October, on this day

2016 BC - Origin of Era of Abraham
331 BC - Alexander the Great of Macedon defeats Persian army at Battle of Gaugamela
110 BC - Origin of Sidonian Era
366 St Damasus I begins his reign as Catholic Pope
911 During a siege in Constantinople, the Theotokos appeared at the church in Blachernae holding her veil over the praying faithful, among them St. Andrew of Constantinople.
959 Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England.
1189 Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar since 1184, is killed in the Siege of Acre.
1661 Yachting begins in England; King Charles II beats his brother James
1787 Russians under Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn.
1791 1st session of the new French legislative assembly
1800 Spain cedes Louisiana to France in a secret treaty
1811 The first steamboat to sail the Mississippi River arrives in New Orléans, Louisiana.
1814 Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw the Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon the previous spring.
1827 The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination in Armenia.
1829 South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa; later to separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools.
1837 "Racer's" Hurricane (Gulf of Mexico)
1838 Start of the First Afghan War - Britain aiming to prevent the growing Russian influence in Afghanistan which is considered a threat to British rule of neighbouring India
1843 First edition of Britain's most popular Sunday newspaper the 'News Of The World'
1847 Maria Mitchell discovers a non-naked-eye comet
1847 German inventor and industrialist Werner von Siemens founds Siemens AG & Halske.
1869 World's 1st postcards are issued in Vienna, Austria
1869 The Midland Railway opens St Pancras Station in London
1880 The Edison Lamp Works begins operations in New Jersey making the first electric light bulbs
1887 Balochistan conquered by the British Empire.
1890 Yosemite National Park and the Yellowstone National Park are established
1891 In the U.S. state of California, Stanford University opens its doors.
1893 3rd worst hurricane in US history kills 1,800 (Mississippi)
1898 Jews are expelled from Kiev, Russia by Czar Nikolay II
1905 Foundation of the Juilliard School of Music in New York
1905 František Pavlík is killed in a demonstration in Prague, inspiring Leoš Janácek to the piano
composition 1. X. 1905.
1908 Henry Ford introduces the Model T car (costs $825)
1908 The Australian Parliament agrees to establish a new federal capital at Canberra
1910 Berkshire Cattle Fair held in Pittsfield Mass (1st state fair)
1910 Los Angeles Times bombing: A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, California, killing 21.
1918 Arab forces under Emir Faisal - including British Army officer T.E Lawrence, (Lawrence of Arabia) capture the Syrian capital Damascus from the Turks during World War I
1920 Sir Percy Cox landed in Basra to assume his responsibilities as high commissioner in Iraq.
1923 In Africa, Southern Rhodesia becomes a self-governing British colony
1926 An oil field accident cost aviator Wiley Post his left eye, but he used the settlement money to buy his first aircraft.
1928 Russian leader Joseph Stalin introduces his first '5 year plan' - introducing state-controlled economic planning; development of industry and the collectivisation of all agriculture
1928 Leon Vanderstuyft of Belgium bicycled 76 miles 504 yards in 1 hour
1931 The George Washington Bridge linking New Jersey and New York opens.
1931 The second (and current) Waldorf-Astoria Hotel is opened in New York.
1932 In Britain, Oswald Mosley launches British Union of Fascists - later re-named British Union of Fascists and National Socialists
1936 In Spain, military leader General Francisco Franco assumes the office of Head of State
1936 In Britain, the BBC begins regular TV broadcasts from Alexandra Palace, in north London
1938 German troops enter Czechoslovakia and occupy Sudetenland as agreed at the Munich Conference
1939 Winston Chruchill refers to Soviet policy as "a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma"
1939 After a one-month Siege of Warsaw, hostile forces entered the city.
1940 The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
1942 USS Grouper torpedoes Lisbon Maru not knowing she was carrying British PoWs from Hong Kong
1942 Bell P-59 Airacomet fighter, 1st US jet, makes maiden flight
1943 Allied forces captured Naples
1944 Newspaper editor Alejandro Cerdova assassinated in Guatemala
1945 Heavyweight champ Joe Louis is discharged from the army
1946 Germany's Deputy Fuhrer, Rudolph Hess - captured in Scotland after mysteriously parachuting from a plane during World War II - is sentenced to life imprisonment. In 1946-47 he is put on trial as a war criminal before being jailed for life in Spandau Prison, Berlin
1947 1st helicopter air mail and express service, LA, Ca
1947 US control of Haitian customs and governmental revenue ends
1948 California Supreme Court voids state statute banning interracial marriages
1949 Leader Mao Tse-Tung declares China to be a Communist Republic
1949 Republic of China (Taiwan) forms on the island of Formosa
1951 24th Infantry Regiment, last all-black military unit, deactivated
1952 1st ultra high frequency (UHF) television station, Portland Or
1953 Indian state of Andhra Pradesh partitioned from Madras
1954 British colony of Nigeria becomes a federation
1955 "Honeymooners" premieres
1957 First appearance of "In God We Trust" on U.S. paper currency.
1957 B-52 bombers begin full-time flying alert in case of USSR attack
1958 Britain transfers Christmas Island (south of Java) to Australia
1958 Inauguration of NASA
1958 Vanguard Project transferred from military to NASA
1960 Nigeria gains independence from Britain
1961 A believed extinct volcanco erupts in Tristan da Cunha
1961 East and West Cameroon merge as Federal Republic of Cameroon
1962 Barbra Streisand signs her 1st recording contract (with Columbia)
1962 Brian Epstein signs a contract to manage the Beatles through 1977
1962 James Meredith became 1st black at U of Mississippi
1962 The Lucy Show premiers
1963 Nigeria becomes a republic within the Commonwealth
1964 Japanese Shinkansen ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.
1965 Apostasia of 1965, a political move in Greece designed to overthrow the Prime Minister, George Papandreou.
1965 General Suharto crushes an attempted coup in Indonesia.
1966 West Coast Airlines Flight 956 crashes with eighteen fatal injuries and no survivors 5.5 miles south of Wemme, Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a DC-9.
1968 The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS).
1968 "Night of the Living Dead" premieres in Pittsburgh
1969 The newly-built supersonic airliner, Concorde 001 breaks the sound barrier for the first time during a test flight in France
1969 Guernsey and Jersey begin issuing their own postage stamps
1971 Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida opens
1972 A patent is granted for the invention of the pocket calculator
1974 British boxer John Conteh becomes Light Heavyweight Champion of the World
1974 American fast-food chain, McDonald's, opens its first British outlet in London
1974 In the United States, the start of the trial of the so-called Watergate Burgulars who broke into the Democratic Party's Headquarters in the Watergate Building in Washington to tap the phones. The cover-up of the affair, finally leads to the resignation of US President Richard Nixon
1975 Britain grants internal self-government to Seychelles.
1975 Ellice Islands split from Gilbert Islands, take name "Tuvalu"
1975 Reunion Island stops prints stamps, France takes over production
1975 Thrilla in Manila: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines.
1977 Brazilian soccer great Pele' retires with 1,281 goals in 1,363 games
1978 Tuvalu (Ellice Islands) gains independence from Britain
1979 US returns Canal Zone to Panama after 75 years (but not the canal)
1980 Cosmonauts Ryumin and Popov break space endurance record of 176 days
1982 EPCOT Center opens in Orlando, Florida
1982 Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a Constructive Vote of No Confidence
1982 Sony launches the first consumer compact disc player (model CDP-101).
1984 Gary Trudeau's Doonesbury comic strip resumes after 2-year hiatus
1985 The Israeli air force bombs PLO Headquarters in Tunis.
1986 President Carter's presidential library/museum dedicated in Atlanta
1987 6 killed by an earthquake measuring 6.1 in LA
1988 Robert Englund the actor who plays Freddie Kruger weds Nancy Booth
1989 Thousands of East Germans flee to West Germany
1989 US issues a stamp, labeling an apatosaurus as a brontosaurus
1989 Denmark: World's first legal modern same-sex civil union called "registered partnership"
1990 President Bush at the UN, condemns Iraq's takeover of Kuwait
1991 New Zealand's Resource Management Act 1991 commences.
1994 Palau gains independence from the United Nations trusteeship administered by the United States of America.
1998 Vladimir Putin became a permanent member of the Security Council of the Russian Federation.
2005 Bombing kills 19 people in Bali.
2007 Most of the Racial and Religious Hatred Act 2006 came into force in the United Kingdom.

1st October 2005

Bali bombs kill 22, injure many

US launches assault in west Iraq

'Space tourist' blasts off to ISS

1st October 2006

Five die as Gaza factions clash

Five die in Canada flyover collapse

Typhoon Xangsane hits Vietnam

1st October 2007

Heavy army presence in Burma city

Israel frees West Bank detainees

Volcano erupts on Red Sea island

1st October 2008

Senate urged to back crisis bill

Japan video store fire kills 15

Strike brings Bollywood to a halt

1st October 2009

Indonesia quake deaths pass 1,000

Communist China marks 60th year

Fossil finds extend human story

Born on this day

1207 Henry III king of England (1216-72)
1685 Charles VI Holy Roman emperor (1711-40)
1746 John Muhlenberg Lutheran pastor/general/congressman
1760 William Beckford British writer (Epsiodes of Vathek)
1781 James Lawrence naval hero (War of 1812-"Don't give up the ship!")
1791 Sergey Aksakov Russia, novelist (Chronicles of a Russian Family)
1799 Rufus Choate US, lawyer (Hall of Fame)
1832 Caroline Lavinia Scott Harrison 1st wife of Benjamin Harrison
1835 William H "Red" Jackson Brig Gen (7th Tennessee Cavalry)
1847 Annie Besant [Wood], England, philosopher/thesophist
1865 Paul Dukas Paris France, composer (Vell‚da)
1881 William Edward Boeing founded aircraft co (Boeing)
1885 Louis Untermeyer NYC, poet/critic (Immortal Poems, Story Poems)
1890 Stanley Holloway London England, actor (Higgins-Our Man Higgins)
1893 Faith Baldwin New Rochelle NY, author/novelist (They Who Love)
19-- Christine Andreas Camden NJ, actress (Taylor-Another World)
19-- David O'Brien Chic Ill, actor (Dr Larson-Our Private World)
19-- Robert Pierce Santa Monica Calif, actor (Bingo-Joanie Loves Chachi)
1903 "Slapsie" Maxie Rosenbloom NYC, light-heavyweight box champ (1932-34)
1904 Vladimir Horowitz Kiev Ukraine, pianist (Carmen)
1907 Hiram Fong (Sen-Cal)
1909 Sam Yorty (Mayor-LA)
1911 Edward P Boland (Rep-D-Mass)
1911 Irwin Kostal Chicago Ill, orchestra leader (Garry Moore Show)
1911 Richard Torriani Switzerland, took 1948 Olympic oath
1914 Daniel Boorstin author (1974 Pulitzer Prize)
1920 Lonny Chapman Tulsa Okla, actor (Investigator, For the People)
1920 Walter Matthau NYC, actor (Odd Couple, Bad News Bears)
1921 James Whitmore White Plains NY, actor (Give 'em Hell Harry)
1924 Jimmy Earl Carter (D) 39th Pres (1977-1981)
1924 William Rehnquist Ws, Supreme Court (1972-86)/chief justice (1987- )
1927 Tom Bosley Chicago, actor (Howard-Happy Days, Murder She Wrote)
1928 George Peppard Detroit Mich, actor (Banacek, A-Team, Blue Max)
1928 Laurence Harvey actor (Alamo, Romeo & Juliet)
1930 Richard Harris actor (A Man Called Horse), singer (MacArthur Park)
1935 Julie Andrews England, actress/singer (Sound of Music, Mary Poppins)
1936 Charles G Fullerton Rochester, NY, astronaut (STS-3, 51F)
1936 Edward Villella US, ballet dancer (NYC Ballet)
1936 Stella Stevens Yazoo City Miss, actress (Girls! Girls!, Manitou)
1945 Donny Hathaway Chicago, singer/songwriter (Where is the Love)
1945 Rod Carew baseball slugger (AL Rookie of the Year 1967)
1946 Eva Klobukowska Poland, relay (Olympic-gold-1964)
1947 Stephen Collins Des Moines Iowa, actor (Star Trek I, Tattingers)
1948 Ellen McIlwaine Nashville, blues singer (Honky Tonky Angel)
1949 Annie Leibovitz photographer (Rolling Stones)
1950 Randy Quaid Houston Tx, actor (Midnight Express, Vacation, SNL)
1953 Greta Waitz Norway, marathon runner (NYC)
1960 Elizabeth Dennehy actress (Guiding Light)
1962 Trevor Baxter record holder for high jumping with a skateboard
1963 Beth Chamberlin Danville Vt, actress (Beth Spaulding-Guiding Light)
1963 Mark McGwire Oakland A's (AL rookie of year 1988)
1968 Jay Underwood actor (The Boy Who Could Fly)

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Deaths which occurred on October 1st:
1807 John Mhlenberg Lutheran pastor, dies on his 61st birthday
1961 Donald Cook actor (Too Young To Go Steady), dies at 60
1972 Louis Leakey anthropologist, dies at 68
1973 Joe Devlin actor (Sam-Dick Tracy), dies at 74
1990 Curtis E LeMay USAF General, dies at 83

Golden Link 1/ On this day 1st October

Golden Link 2/ On this day 1st October

Golden Link 3/ On this day 1st October