21st March, on this day
630 Byzantine emperor
Heraclius
restores the True
Cross to Jerusalem.
717 Battle
of Vincy between Charles Martel and Ragenfrid.
1188 Accession to the throne of Japan by emperor
Antoku.
1349 3,000 Jews killed in Black Death riots in Efurt, Germany
1413 Henry
V becomes King of England.
1421 Battle
of Beauge-French beat British
1492 Alonzo Pietro, pilot, sailed with Columbus
1556 In Oxford, Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas
Cranmer is burned at the stake.
1610 King James I addresses English House of Commons
1681 3rd Exclusion Parliament meets in London
1697 Czar Peter the Great begins tour through West-Europe
1702 Queen Anne Stuart addresses English parliament
1788 Fire destroyed 856 buildings in New Orleans, LA
1788 Gustavus Vassa petitions Queen Charlotte, to free enslaved Africans
1790 Thomas Jefferson reports to President Washington in New York
as
Secretary of State
1791 Captain Hopley Yeaton of New Hampshire becomes 1st commissioned
officer in USN
1800 With the church leadership driven out of Rome during an armed
conflict, Pius
VII is crowned Pope in Venice with a temporary papal tiara made
of papier-mâché.
1801 The Battle
of Alexandria is fought between British and French forces near
the ruins of Nicopolis in Egypt.
1804 French civil Code
of Napoleon adopted
1821 First revolutionary act in Monastery of Agia Lavra, Kalavryta,
Greek
War of Independence.
1824 Fire at Cairo ammunitions dump kills 4,000 horses
1826 Beethoven's Quartet #13 in B flat major (Op 130) premieres in
Vienna
1835 Charles Darwin & Mariano Gonzales meet at Portillo Pass
1843 Preacher William Miller of Massachusetts predicts the world will
end today
1844 Origin of Bahá'í Era-Bahá'í calendar
starts here (Bahá 1, 1)
1851 Yosemite Valley discovered in California
1857 Earthquake hits Tokyo; about 107,000 die
1859 Scottish National Gallery opens in Edinburgh
1859 Zoological Society of Philadelphia, 1st in US, incorporated
1860 US extradition treaty with Sweden
1863 Naval Engagement at Havana Cuba-USS Henrick Hudson vs BR Wild
Pigeon
1864 Battle at Henderson's Hill (Bayou Rapids) Louisiana
1865 Battle of Bentonville ends, last Confederate effort to stop Sherman
1866 Congress authorizes national soldiers' homes
1868 1st US professional women's club, Sorosis, is founded in New
York NY
1871 Journalist Henry
M Stanley begins his famous expedition to Africa
1871 Otto von Bismarck elevated Fürst
1874 US Grant's daughter Nellie marries in the White House
1885 2nd French government of Ferry resigns
1890 Austrian Jewish communities are defined by law
1899 British and French accord about West-Africa
1907 US invades Honduras
1909 Moran and MacFarland (US) win Europe's 1st 6 day bicycle race
(Berlin)
1913 Flood
in Ohio, kills 400
1923 US foreign minister Charles Hughes refuses USSR recognition
1925 Edinburgh's Murreyfield Stadium officially opens
1925 Iran adopts Khorshidi solar Hijrah calendar
1927 Guomindang Army conquerors Shanghai as British marines flee
1933 Hitler, Göring, Prince Ruprecht, Brüning and top army
meet in Berlin
1933 Construction of Dachau,
the first Nazi Germany concentration camp, is completed.
1934 Fire destroys Hakodate Japan, killing about 1,500
1935 Shah Reza Pahlavi formally asks the international community to
call Persia by its native name, Iran, which means 'Land of the Aryans'.
1937 Ponce
massacre, police kill 19 at Puerto Rican Nationalist parade
1939 Nazi-Germany demands Gdansk (Danzig) from Poland
1940 Paul
Reynaud becomes Prime Minister of France.
1941 Joe Louis KOs Abe Simon in 13 for heavyweight boxing title
1942 Convoy QP9 departs Great Britain to Murmansk
1942 Heavy German assault on Malta
1943 Assassination attempt on Hitler fails
1943 British 8th army opens assault on Mareth line, Tunisia
1943 Massacre of the town of Kalavryta, Greece by German Nazi troops.
1944 General Eisenhower postpones S France invasion until after Normandy
1945 1st Japanese flying bombs (ochas) attack Okinawa
1945 British troops liberate Mandalay, Burma.
1945 During WWII Allied bombers begin 4-day raid over Germany
1946 British Labour politician Aneurin Bevan announces Government
proposals for a free National Health Service paid for by the taxpayer
1946 UN set up temporary HQ at Hunter (now Lehman) College (Bronx)
1947 Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Fulgens radiatur
1951 2,900,000 US soldiers in Korea
1952 Alan
Freed presents Moondog Coronation Ball at old Cleveland Arena,
25,000 attend 1st rock and roll concert ever
1952 Tornadoes in Arkansas, Tennessee, Missouri, Mississippi, Alabama
& Kentucky cause 343 deaths
1955 Archbishop Makarios of Cyprus desires Cyprus joining Greece
1957 Tennessee Williams' "Orpheus
Descending" premieres in New York NY
1958 USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test
1958 Opening of the London Planetarium - one of the most popular tourist
attractions in the English capital
1960 The Sharpville
Massacre in the Transvaal, South Africa when police fire on demonstrators
protesting against the 'Pass
Laws'. At least 70 are killed
1961 Beatles' 1st appearance at the Cavern Club
1962 A bear becomes the 1st creature to be ejected at supersonic speeds
1963 Alcatraz, America's most notorious maximum security prison in
San Francisco Bay, is closed
1964 Beatles' "She Loves You" single goes to number 1 and
stays for 2 weeks
1965 Martin Luther King Jr begins march from Selma to Montgomery AL
1965 US Ranger 9 launched; takes 5,814 pictures before lunar impact
1968 Israeli forces cross Jordan River to attack PLO bases
1968 Portuguese socialist Mario
Soares banished to Sao Tomé
1969 John and Yoko stage their 1st bed-in for peace (Amsterdam Hilton)
1969 American singer Frank Sinatra releases 'My Way' in Britain
1969 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1974 Attempt made to kidnap Princess Anne in London's Pall
Mall
1975 Ethiopia ends monarchy after 3000 years
1979 Egyptian Parliament unanimously approve peace treaty with Israel
1980 On TV show Dallas, JR is shot
1980 US President Jimmy Carter announces a United States boycott of
the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow to protest the Soviet Invasion
of Afghanistan.
1983 Only known typo on Time Magazine cover (control=contol), all
recalled
1984 Part of Central Park is named Strawberry
Fields honoring John Lennon
1984 Soviet sub crashes into USS aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk off Japan
1985 Bloodbath at Langa (Uitenhage) South-Africa, 19 killed
1989 1st sea test of Trident 2 missile self-destructs, Cape Canaveral
1990 Namibia becomes independent of South Africa, Sam
Nujoma becomes president
1991 27 lost at sea when 2 US Navy anti-submarine planes collide
1991 Largest wrestling crowd in Japan (64,500) at Tokyo Dome
1991 UN Security Council panel decided to lift the food embargo on
Iraq
1993 Pope John Paul II declares Duns
Scotus, a saint
1993 South Africa White Wolves kill 5 year old black girl
1993 IRA bomb attack in Warrington
town centre, England
1994 Dudley Moore arrested for hitting girlfriend
1997 The American Liggett Group, manufacturers of Chesterfield cigarettes,
becomes the first tobacco group to admit publicly that their products
are addictive and can cause severe health problems
1999 Bertrand
Piccard and Brian
Jones become the first to circumnavigate the Earth in a hot air
balloon.
2002 In Pakistan, Ahmed
Omar Saeed Sheikh along with three other suspects are charged
with murder for their part in the kidnapping and killing of Wall Street
Journal reporter Daniel
Pearl.
2002 British schoolgirl Amanda
Dowler is abducted in broad daylight on her way home from Heathside
School in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey.
2004 In Malaysia, the 11th Federal and State elections are held, returning
the ruling coalition Barisan
Nasional to power with an increased majority.
2005 Red
Lake High School massacre: Jeff Weise shoots and kills seven people
at Red Lake High School in Red Lake, Minnesota before committing suicide.
Weise had priorly killed his grandfather and his grandfather's girlfriend.
2006 Immigrant workers constructing the Burj
Dubayy in Dubai, The United Arab Emirates and a new terminal of
Dubai International Airport join together and riot, causing $1M in
damage.
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Birthdates which
occurred on 21st March :
1466 French van
Brederode leader Hoeksen
1474 Angela Merici Italian monastery founder/saint
1521 Mauritius duke/nice monarch of Saksen (1547-53)
1527 Hermann Finck composer
1609 Jan II Kazimierz cardinal/King of Poland (1648-68)
1624 François Roberday composer
1642 Georg Schmezer composer
1685 Johann Sebastian Bach Eisenach Germany, composer (Matthäus-Passion)
1708 Caspar Ruetz composer
1713 Francis Lewis signed Declaration of Independence
1716 Josef Ferdinand Norbert Seger composer
1763 Jean Paul writer
1765 Henry Fagel Dutch/English baron/diplomat
1768 Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier mathematician/Egyptologist
1779 Alexis Garaude composer
1806 Benito Pablo Juárez Oaxaca Mexico, President of México
(1858-72)
1813 James Jesse Strang king of Mormons on Beaver Island MI (1850-56)
1816 Charlotte Bronte novelist/poet
1820 Frank Mori composer
1836 Jesus Monasterio composer
1839 Modest Mussorgsky composer (Boris Gudunov, Night on Bald Mountain)
1854 Alick A C Bannerman cricketer (brother of Charles, Australia
1878-1893)
1863 Hugo Kaun composer
1866 Antonia Caetana de Paiva Pereira Maury astronomer
1869 Albert Kahn architect, originated modern factory design
1869 Florenz Ziegfeld producer (Ziegfield Follies)
1878 Thurlow Weed Lieurance composer
1880 Hans Hofmann German/US painter (Search for the Real)
1880 Wilhelm Pessler German sociologist
1881 Hermann Sandby composer
1882 Gilbert M Anderson [Max Aronson], Little Rock AR
1883 Jules van Nuffel composer
1884 George D Birkhoff US mathematician (Aesthetic measure)
1887 Edwin Scharff German "entartet" painter/sculptor
1891 Jonathan Hale actor (Saint's Double Trouble, Saint Strikes Back)
1893 Geoffrey Dearmer poet
19-- Ira Elliot rocker (RU Ready)
19-- Lorene Yarnell Los Angeles CA, mime (Shields & Yarnell)
19-- Robert Sweet rock drummer (Stryper-Against the Law)
1900 Eugenie Leontovitch Moscow Russia, actor (Homicidal)
1900 Paul Klecki/Kletzki Polish violinist/composer/conductor
1901 Carmelita Geraghty Rushville IN, actress (My Best Girl, Texas
Ranger)
1901 Richard Leslie Hill historian
1902 Carl Jaffe Hamburg Germany, actor (1st Man in Space, Escapement)
1902 Eddie James "Son" House folk blues musician (Delta
Blues)
1902 William Downie Forrest journalist
1904 Nikolaos Skalkottas composer
1905 Phyllis McGinley US, poet (Pulitzer 1961, Love Letters)
1906 John D Rockefeller III billionaire philanthropist (oil)
1908 Maurice Stans rocker
1910 Nick Castle Brooklyn NY, choreographer (Dinah Shore, Judy Garland)
1911 John Paxton screenwriter (On The Beach, Kotch, Farewell My Lovely)
1912 Peter Bull actor/author (Executioner, Tom Jones, Dr Strangelove)
1913 George Ghita Ionescu academic
1913 Max Youngstein New York NY, producer (United Artists)
1914 Herman Siles Zuazo politician
1914 Paul Tortelier composer
1916 Harold Robbins US, novelist (The Carpetbaggers) [or 0521]
1918 Howard Cosell Winston-Salem NC, sportscaster (Monday Night Football)
1918 Joe Carveth NHL forward (scored 20 or more goals in 3 seasons)
1919 Geoffrey Pinnington journalist
1919 Lois Collier Salley SC, actress (Mary-Boston Blackie, Slave Girl)
1921 Antony Hopkins composer
1921 Arthur Grumiaux Belgian violinist
1921 Logan Ramsey Long Beach CA, actor (Head, Joy Sticks, Say Yes)
1923 Mort Lindsey Newark NJ, orchestra leader (Merv Griffin Show)
1923 Philip Abbott Lincoln NE, actor (Arthur Ward-The FBI)
1924 Karl Heinz Fussl composer
1925 John E Grotberg (Representative-Republican-IL, 1985-86)
1925 Peter Brook London, director (1776)/TV writer
1926 André Delvaux Heverie Belgium, director/writer (Benvenuta)
1926 Virginia Weidler Hollywood CA, actress (Babes on Broadway)
1927 Hans-Dietrich Genscher German minister of Foreign affairs (FDP)
1928 Evelyn Ruth Anderson composer
1928 James W Kinnear Pittsburgh PA, CEO (Texaco)
1928 Peter Hacks German playwright (Tie Windloch)
1929 James Coco Bronx NY, actor (Man of La Mancha, Murder by Death)
1929 Jules Bergman space & science reporter (ABC-TV)
1931 Ivan William Hannaford sociologist
1932 Joseph Silverstein Detroit MI, violinist (Denver Symphony Orchestra)
1933 John Hall English real estate developer/multi-millionaire
1933 Michael Heseltine Welsh/British minister of Defense (1986)/MP
1934 Al Freeman Jr San Antonio TX, actor (One Life to Live, My Sweet
Charlie)
1934 Lister Carney Bellaire OH, 200 meter runner (Olympics-silver-1960)
1935 Brian Clough soccer manager
1935 Hubert Fichte writer
1936 Marek Stachowski composer
1937 Tom Flores Fresno CA, NFL quarterback/coach (Raiders)
1938 Grahame Thomas cricketer (Australian batsman of the mid-60's)
1938 Wilf Corrigan English/US electronic manufacturer (LSI Logic)
1939 Kathleen Widdoes Wilmington DE, actress (Without a Trace)
1939 Martha Hudson Eastman GA, 4X100 meter relayer (Olympics-gold-1960)
1941 Dirk D Frimout Belgium, cosmonaut
1941 Malcolm Francke cricketer (leg-spinner, Ceylon 1956 to Queensland
1984)
1942 Françoise Dorléac Paris France, actress (That Man
From Rio)
1943 Antal Dunai Hungary, soccer player (Olympics-gold-1968)
1943 Viv[ian] Stanshall Shillingford Oxon England, rocker (Bonzo Dog
Band-I'm the Urban Spaceman)
1944 Charles Edward Greene Pine Bluff AR, 4x100 meter runner (Olympics-gold-1968)
1944 Henrik Colding-Jorgensen composer
1944 Jamary Oliveira composer
1944 Marie-Christine Barrault Paris France, actress (Stardust Memories)
1945 Charles E Greene US, 100 meter sprinter (Olympics-bronze-1968)
1945 Rose[mary] Stone Dallas TX, vocalist/pianist (Sly & the Family
Stone-Everyday People)
1945 Vernon Guy US gospel singer (Cool Sounds, Sharpees)
1946 Ray Dorset rocker (Cold Blue Excursion)
1946 Timothy Dalton Colwyn Bay Wales, actor (James Bond-Living Daylights,
License to Kill)
1948 Nancy Addison Altman New York NY, actress (Jillian Coleridge
Ryan-Ryan's Hope)
1949 Alvin Kallicharran cricketer (wonderful West Indies LHB 1972-81)
1950 Roger Hodgson London England, rock vocalist (Supertramp-It's
Raining Again)
1951 Helena Antonaccio playmate (June, 1969)
1951 Russell Thompkins Jr US soul singer (Stylistics-Sing Baby Sing)
1952 Chris O'Connell rocker
1953 Carl Wolfson Washington DC, comedian (Thicke of the Night)
1953 Robert "Shotgun" Johnson Miami FL, rock drummer (KC
& the Sunshine Band-Give it Up)
1954 Mary Jane Smith Van Nuys CA, WPVA volleyballer (National-9th-1993)
1955 Barbel Wockel-Eckert German Democratic Republic, track star (Olympics-4
gold-1976, 1980)
1955 Jean Marie Hon San Francisco CA, actress (Jane-Man From Atlantis)
1956 Ingrid Kristiansen Norway, marathoner (Olympics-4th-1984, Boston-86,
89)
1957 Sabrina Le Beauf New Orleans LA, actress (Sondra-Crosby Show)
1958 Brad Hall Santa Barbara CA, comedian (Saturday Night Live)
1958 Gary Oldman actor (Sid & Nancy, Criminal Law, State of Grace)
1958 Marlies Göhr German Democratic Republic, sprinter (Olympics-gold-1976,
80)
1960 Ayrton Senna Brazilian formula-1 racer (1988 champion)
1960 Dale Baze jockey
1960 Guy Chadwick English singer/songwriter (House of Love)
1961 Kassie DePaiva [Wesley] Morganfield KY, actress (Chelsea-Guiding
Light, Evil Dead 2, Blair-One Life to Live)
1961 Slim MacDonnell Jim Phantom rock percussionist (Stray Cats)
1961 Wei Wang Beijing China, US table tennis player (Olympics-96)
1962 Matthew Broderick New York NY, actor (Inspector Gadget, Ferris
Bueller's Day Off, WarGames, Biloxi Blues)
1962 Rosie O'Donnell comedienne (League of Their Own, Flintstones,
Rosie)
1963 Ronald Koeman Dutch soccer star (Ajax, PSV, Barcelona, Feyenoord)
1963 Sharon June Howe Pederson Glencoe MN, rocker (Vixen-Rev It Up)
1963 Shawon Dunston Brooklyn NY, infielder (San Francisco Giants)
1966 Al Iafrate Dearborn MI, NHL defenseman (San Jose Sharks)
1966 Karen Lunn Cowra Australia, LPGA golfer (1993 Women's British
Open)
1966 Matthew Maynard cricketer (big hitting Glamorgan & England
player)
1967 Elaina Oden Orange CA, volleyball middle blocker (Olympics-bronze-92,
96)
1967 Troy Westwood CFL kicker (Winnipeg Blue Bombers)
1968 Erwin Vanderbroeck Dutch soccer player (Roda JC)
1968 Jeff Lazaro Waltham MA, US hockey forward (Olympics-1994)
1968 Johan Garpenlov Stockholm Sweden, NHL left wing (Florida Panthers)
1968 Mark Sander WLAF linebacker (Scottish Claymores)
1968 Samantha Leah Dorman Lakeland FL, playmate (Sept, 1991)
1968 Scott Williams NBA forward (Philadelphia 76ers)
1969 Jennifer Lyn Jackson Cleveland OH, playmate (April, 1989)
1969 Mark Allen Australia, Australasia golfer
1971 Hason Graham NFL wide receiver (New England Patriots)
1972 Boris Mironov Moscow, NHL defenseman (Team Russia Olympics-S-98,
Edmonton)
1972 Chris Ball Costa Mesa CA, kayak (alternate-Olympics-96)
1972 Frank West CFL defensive back (Hamilton Tiger Cats)
1972 John Leach CFL running back (Toronto Argonauts)
1972 Michele Michael Miss Maryland-USA (1996)
1973 Chiou Hai Ta Miss Taiwan Republic Of China-Universe (1997)
1973 Larry Bowie running back (Washington Redskins)
1975 Vitaly Potapenko NBA center (Cleveland Cavaliers)
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Deaths which occurred on March 21st:
1487 Nicholas van Fluë Swiss saint/patron of Switzerland, dies
1538 Hugo earl of Leisnig, Governor of Frisia, dies at about 79
1556 Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canterbury, burned at stake at 66
1652 Vredius [Olivier de Wree], Flemish historian/mayor (Brugge),
dies at 55
1654 Johann Neukrantz composer, dies at 51
1656 Armagh James Ussher Archbishop (said world began 4004 BC), dies
at 76
1729 John Law Scottish financier, dies at about 57
1734 Gunther Jacob Wenceslaus composer, dies at 48
1768 Jan J Mauricius Dutch Governor-General of Suriname (1742-51),
dies at 75
1793 Johann Michael Schmidt composer, dies at 51
1801 Andrea Lucchesi composer, dies at 59
1810 Philippe-Joseph van den Berghe graaf Limmighe Brabants ships,
dies
1844 Leopold F J J J van Sassen Ysselt Dutch politician, dies at 65
1857 Abraham J van der Aa lexicographer (Biograph dictionary), dies
at 64
1863 Edwin Vose Sumner US Union-General-Major (Fair Oaks), dies at
66
1894 Jacob Rosenhaim composer, dies at 80
1916 Victor de Stuers Dutch art expert, dies at 72
1920 Federigo Tozzi Ital writer/journalist (Torre, Tre Croci), dies
at 37
1921 "Big Jim" Colisimo US gangster, murdered by Al Capone
1934 Franz Schreker composer, dies at 55
1934 Lilyan Tashman actor (Bulldog Drummond), dies at 34
1936 Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov composer (Chopiniana), dies
at 70
1938 Oscar Apfel actor (Inspiration), dies at 60
1939 Evald Aav composer, dies at 39
1941 Robert Liefmann German economist (Kartelle und Trusts), dies
at 67
1942 Captain Morávec Czechoslovakian resistance fighter, commit
suicide
1945 J Woortman Dutch resistance fighter, dies in Bergen-Belsen at
39
1952 A J Pieters SS-Untersturmführer, executed
1952 Wilhelm Albrecht German SD-chief, executed
1954 Harry Lawrence Freeman composer, dies at 84
1955 Muriel Aked dies at 67
1958 Cyril M Kornbluth US sci-fi writer (Space Merchants), dies at
34
1969 Gerhart Fritsch writer, dies at 44
1970 Marlen Haushofer writer, dies at 49
1973 Antoni Szalowski composer, dies at 65
1974 Candy Darling [James Slattery], female impersonator, dies
1975 Berend Giltay composer, dies at 64
1975 Ralph Hawtrey economist (multiplier), dies at 95
1980 Gideon Fagan composer, dies at 75
1982 Harry H Corbett British actor (Steptoe & Son, Jabberwacky),
dies at 57
1985 Michael Redgrave actor (Goodbye Mr Chips, Mr Arkadin), dies at
77
1985 Salvador Ley composer, dies at 78
1986 August de Boodt Belgian politician, dies at 90
1987 Dean Paul Martin actor (Billy-Misfits of Science), dies at 35
1987 Robert Preston actor (Harold Hill-Music Man), diesfrom lung cancer
in Montecito CA at 68
1989 Milton Frome actor (Family Jewels), dies
1991 Leo Fender inventor (Fender guitar), dies
1991 Rajiv Gandhi former Prime Minister of India, killed by bomb at
46
1992 John Ireland actor (Rawhide), dies of leukemia at 78
1994 Dack Rambo actor (Jack Ewing-Dallas), dies from AIDs at 52
1994 Lili Damita wife of Errol Flynn (Bridge of San Luis Rey), dies
at 89
1994 Macdonald Carey actor (Days of Our Lives), dies of cancer at
81
1995 Daan Wildschut Dutch painter/author, dies at 81
1995 Etienne Martin French sculptor, dies at 82
1995 Norman Schwartz record Producer, dies at 66
1995 Robert Urquhart actor (Dunkirk, Bulldog Breed), dies at 72
1996 Eric Brand diplomat, dies at 73
1996 Frank Murray police Officer, dies at 51
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